JSON Web Keys (JWK) can be easilygenerated with the help of the Nimbus JOSE+JWT library:

Currently I'm building a Rails API using ruby-jwt as my access token generator. I choose RS256 (RSA + SHA256) as my algorithm. Ruby-jwt uses private key to encode payloads, and uses public key to decode tokens. My question is, is this approach secure enough? Is there any chance that an attacker can exploit the private key from a large amount of. Expose the public key to business client while storing the private key in an encrypted KVM. Use the private key for generating JWT Token. Another public/private key pair will be generated for another api proxy, while verifying the JWT Token and calling end service of the business client. We will expose only the public keys over network during transaction. Please suggest how to achieve it using RSA keys. The following command creates an SSH key pair using RSA encryption and a bit length of 4096: ssh-keygen -m PEM -t rsa -b 4096 If you use the Azure CLI to create your VM with the az vm create command, you can optionally generate SSH public and private key files using the -generate-ssh-keys option.

Cryptographic keys can also be generated in some other environment and thenconverted into JWK format. Here is an example howto import a key generated with OpenSSL.

You can also check out the command line JWK generator by JustinRicher built with this library.

RSA key pair

The only required parameter to generate an RSA key pair is the key length,which should be at least 2048 bits. There is an alternative constructor in caseyou need to generate weak keys.

The JWK format allows the key to be decorated with metadata. An important pieceof metadata is the key ID ('kid'), for key identification in databases andenabling key rollover. The usage parameter ('use') indicates the key'sintended purpose - signing or encryption.

An RSA key pair can also be generated with the standard Java cryptographicfacilities and then converted to JWK format:

A generated RSA key pair in JWK format:

EC key pair

/free-windows-7-enterprise-product-key-generator.html. Elliptic Curve (EC) keys are based on curves with specific mathematicalproperties. The JOSE WG adopted three standardcurves for EC keys and ECoperations with the following designations: P-256, P-384 and P-521.

To generate an EC key pair specify its curve:

To generate an EC key pair with the standard Java facilities and convert it toJWK format:

A generated EC P-256 key pair in JWK format:

Octet key pair

Octet key pairs are used to represent Edwards curve keys. They bear the JWKtype designation 'OKP' and are used for JSON Web Signatures (JWS) with Ed25519/ Ed448 and JSON Web Encryption (JWE) with ECDH with X25519 / X448.

Starting with v6.0 the Nimbus JOSE+JWT library can generate OKP JWKs with anEd25519 or X25519 curve with help of the optionalTink dependency. Edwards curve cryptographyis not supported by the standard Java JCA yet. For v6.0 of Nimbus JOSE+JWT theMaven dependency for Tink would be

To generate an OKP JWK just specify the name of the Edwards curve and any keymetadata required by your application:

Example Ed25519 key in JWK format:

Octet sequence key

The octet sequence JWK format is intended for representing secret keys, such askeys for use in HMAC and AES. A secret key is essentially a random array ofbytes that cannot be practically guessed.

HMAC key

HMAC computation requires a secret key which length must match the size of theoutput hash. You can also use longer keys, but they will be truncated.

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To a generate a secret 256-bit JWK for HS216:

You can also use Java's SecureRandomor the dedicated KeyGeneratorto generate the key bytes and then use the bytes to create a JWK:

Example secret key in JWK format:

AES key

Symmetric JWE requires an AES key. For example, directencryption with A128GCM requires a 128 bit AES key.

As with HMAC above, you can use the provided the OctetSequenceKeyGeneratoror Java's standardKeyGenerator.

To generate a 128-bit AES JWK directly:

To generate the AES key using Java's standard facility, then convert to JWKformat:

Example 128 bit AES key as JWK:

How to generate keys in PEM formatusing the OpenSSL command line tools?

RSA keys

The JOSE standard recommends a minimum RSA key size of 2048 bits.

To generate a 2048-bit RSA private + public key pair for use in RSxxx and PSxxxsignatures: stomp the yard download torrent

Elliptic Curve keys

To generate an EC key pair the curve designation must be specified. Note thatJOSE ESxxx signatures require P-256, P-384 and P-521 curves (see theircorresponding OpenSSL identifiers below).

Elliptic Curve private + public key pair for use with ES256 signatures:

Elliptic Curve private + public key pair for use with ES384 signatures:

Elliptic Curve private + public key pair for use with ES512 signatures:

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PEM key parsing in Java

The BouncyCastle library provides a simpleutility to parse PEM-encoded keys in Java, to use them for JWS or JWE later.

For Maven you should include the following BouncyCastle dependencies (where1.52 is the latest stable version as of May 2015):

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Example parsing of an PEM-encoded EC key in Java: